Differential White Blood Cell Count
Why is this test done? | Measuring and calculating percentages of each type of white blood cells is part of a complete blood count. It is used to assess more precisely the causes of an increased or decreased white blood cell count by establishing exactly which type is involved. This data is used to assess the immune system. |
How to prepare: |
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Reference values*: |
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Associated Tests: | In addition to differential white blood cell count, the complete blood count also measures several other parameters such as hemoglobin , red blood cell count , physical characteristics of red blood cells , platelet count and total white blood cell count. |
General Information
There are 5 distinct types of white blood cells: the neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. Each white blood cell type plays a specific role in the body.
White blood cells | General Information | What can an elevated result mean? | What can a decreased result mean? |
Neutrophils |
The role of these white blood cells is to swallow and digest solid foreign matter (altered cells, microbes) that has been destroyed. They contain granules that can be released to limit inflammation at the site of an infection. They are often the first cells on the site of an infection, acting as the body's first line of defence.
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White blood cells | General Information | What can an elevated result mean? | What can a decreased result mean? |
Eosinophils | These white blood cell's role is also to swallow solid foreign matter. They are involved in inflammatory and allergic reactions. |
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Basophils | These white blood cell's role is also to swallow solid foreign matter. They are involved in inflammatory and allergic reactions, in the same way as eosinophils. |
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Lymphocytes |
There are several types of lymphocytes. Lymphocytes B produce antibodies that are responsible for certain immune response functions. Lymphocytes T also play a role in the immune response, but their role is different.
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Monocytes | These white blood cell's role is also to swallow solid foreign matter, bacteria and cell debris. They are part of the body's defense mechanism. |
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Results cannot be interpreted by themselves. The results of other tests performed at the same time are important as well and are taken into consideration to determine the possible cause of any abnormal results.
What you need to know before the test
Before going for blood tests, a procedure or other exam, it is best to always bring a list of all the drugs you take (prescription, OTC and natural health products). Unless told otherwise, you should take your medication as usual on the day of the test. When in doubt, ask your pharmacist for more information.
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The patient information leaflets are provided by Vigilance Santé Inc. This content is for information purposes only and does not in any manner whatsoever replace the opinion or advice of your health care professional. Always consult a health care professional before making a decision about your medication or treatment.